Syrian Arab Republic
Capital: DamascusRegion: Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanIncome: Low income
GDP
N/A
Population
24.7M
2024
GDP per Capita
N/A
Life Expectancy
72.1 years
2023
Economy
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| GNI (Current USD) | $22.82B | 2022 |
| GNI per Capita (USD) | $710 | 2022 |
| GNI per Capita, PPP (USD) | $5K | 2022 |
| Industry Value Added (% of GDP) | 12.0% | 2022 |
| Services Value Added (% of GDP) | 44.9% | 2022 |
| Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP) | 43.1% | 2022 |
| Government Consumption (% of GDP) | 2.7% | 2022 |
| Household Consumption (% of GDP) | 114.8% | 2022 |
| GDP Deflator (%) | 112.1% | 2022 |
| GDP per Person Employed (USD) | $20K | 2022 |
| Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total) | 21.5% | 2022 |
| Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD) | $479 | 2020 |
| External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP) | -22.0% | 2022 |
| Coal Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2020 |
| Mineral Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2020 |
| Oil Rents (% of GDP) | 4.02% | 2020 |
| Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP) | 2.33% | 2020 |
| Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP) | 6.4% | 2020 |
| Forest Rents (% of GDP) | 0.03% | 2020 |
| Industry Value Added (Current USD) | $2.83B | 2022 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 2,505.75 | 2022 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 35.6% | 2022 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 28.8% | 2022 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $1.61B | 2022 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $6.80B | 2022 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $3.34B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $6.28B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 25.3% | 2023 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $4.76B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 0.0% | 2022 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $4.00B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $731.1M | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 31.5% | 2022 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 24.7M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 4.5% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 128 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 185,180 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 183,630 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 72.1% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 17.8M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 27.9% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 72.1 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 69.8 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 74.4 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 2.7 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 22.1 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 5.0 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | 421,693 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 29.2% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 66.1% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 4.7% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 51.3% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 167.6 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 107.8 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 6.8M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 36.9% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 12.7% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 61.4% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 13.6% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 26.1% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 10.9% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 33.1% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 16.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 25.2% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 58.5% | 2025 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 38.9% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 57.6% | 2025 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 3.6% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 17.4% | 2025 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 94.4% | 2021 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 97.2% | 2021 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 98.4% | 2021 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 81.4% | 2024 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 38.7% | 2024 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 60.1% | 2024 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 42.7% | 2024 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 581,845 | 2024 |
| Out-of-School Girls, Primary | 279,350 | 2024 |
| Primary School Teachers | 144,621 | 2024 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 54,596 | 2024 |
Health
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Health Spending (% of GDP) | 2.7% | 2023 |
| Health Spending per Capita (USD) | $33 | 2023 |
| Government Health Spending (% of GDP) | 0.4% | 2023 |
| Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total) | 72.4% | 2023 |
| Physicians (per 1,000 people) | 1.5 | 2021 |
| Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000) | 1.8 | 2021 |
| Hospital Beds (per 1,000) | 1.4 | 2021 |
| Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births) | 20.6 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000) | 18.5 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000) | 22.5 | 2023 |
| Cause of Death, Communicable (%) | 10.7% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%) | 75.2% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Injury (%) | 14.1% | 2019 |
| Measles Immunization (% of children) | 81.0% | 2024 |
| DPT Immunization (% of children) | 73.0% | 2024 |
| HIV Incidence (per 1,000) | 0.01 | 2024 |
| Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000) | 23 | 2024 |
| Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000) | 0.6 | 2021 |
| Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita) | 0.1 | 2020 |
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 455 | 2022 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 690 | 2022 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 3.9% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 1.1% | 2021 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 88.8% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 24.7 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 2.8% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 5,221 | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 0.7% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 0.2% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 94.1% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 95.6% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 74.1% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 1,815 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 97.0 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 96.3 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 98.9 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 2.7M | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 17.3 | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 7.2% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 195.8% | 2022 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 6.9 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 113.9 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 0.07% | 2022 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 102 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 20 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 584 | 2022 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 406 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 140 | 2022 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 610,745 | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 1.6 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 243,348 | 2020 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 2.30 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 57.3% | 2022 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 9.6% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 76.6% | 2025 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 38.9 | 2023 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.75 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -1.79 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -1.81 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -1.85 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 0.5% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 3.3% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 1.4% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 0.0% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 5.4% | 2020 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 16.5% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 39.3% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 87.9% | 2022 |
| Gini Index | 26.6 | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 21.1% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 3.8% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 35.9% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 9.2% | 2022 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 2.4M | 2019 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population in Largest City | 2.8M | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 26.5% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 41.1% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | 4.8% | 2024 |