Turkiye
Capital: AnkaraRegion: Europe & Central AsiaIncome: Upper middle income
GDP
$1.58T
2026
Population
85.5M
2024
GDP per Capita
$18K
2026
Life Expectancy
77.2 years
2023
Economy
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| GDP (Current USD, Billions) | $1.58T | 2026 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 3.7% | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | $18K | 2026 |
| GDP, PPP (Billions Intl $) | $3.98T | 2026 |
| GDP per Capita, PPP (Intl $) | $46K | 2026 |
| Share of World GDP, PPP (%) | 1.81% | 2026 |
| GNI (Current USD) | $1.34T | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita (USD) | $13K | 2024 |
| GNI per Capita, PPP (USD) | $45K | 2024 |
| Industry Value Added (% of GDP) | 25.5% | 2024 |
| Services Value Added (% of GDP) | 57.5% | 2024 |
| Agriculture Value Added (% of GDP) | 5.8% | 2024 |
| Government Consumption (% of GDP) | 14.5% | 2024 |
| Household Consumption (% of GDP) | 54.3% | 2024 |
| Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP) | 30.7% | 2024 |
| Gross Savings (% of GNI) | 30.1% | 2024 |
| GDP Deflator (%) | 59.3% | 2024 |
| GDP per Person Employed (USD) | $93K | 2024 |
| Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP) | 16.8% | 2024 |
| Medium/High-Tech Manufacturing (% of total) | 33.8% | 2022 |
| Adjusted Net National Income per Capita (USD) | $7K | 2020 |
| Adjusted Net Savings (% of GNI) | 13.1% | 2020 |
| External Balance on Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 0.5% | 2024 |
| Coal Rents (% of GDP) | 0.05% | 2021 |
| Mineral Rents (% of GDP) | 0.63% | 2021 |
| Oil Rents (% of GDP) | 0.14% | 2021 |
| Natural Gas Rents (% of GDP) | 0.01% | 2021 |
| Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP) | 0.8% | 2021 |
| Forest Rents (% of GDP) | 0.00% | 2021 |
| Industry Value Added (Current USD) | $346.63B | 2024 |
Fiscal & Monetary
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Inflation, Consumer Prices (%) | 24.7% | 2026 |
| Govt Gross Debt (% of GDP) | 25.1% | 2026 |
| Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) | -3.8% | 2026 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -1.3% | 2026 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 8.3% | 2026 |
| Inflation, CPI (%, World Bank) | 58.5% | 2024 |
| Deposit Interest Rate (%) | 71.0% | 2024 |
| Government Debt (% of GDP) | 26.6% | 2024 |
| Government Revenue (% of GDP) | 31.5% | 2024 |
| Tax Revenue (% of GDP) | 17.6% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Goods & Services (% of revenue) | 35.0% | 2024 |
| Taxes on Income, Profits & Capital Gains (% of rev) | 17.7% | 2024 |
| Net Investment in Nonfinancial Assets (% of GDP) | 2.6% | 2024 |
| Total Reserves incl. Gold (USD) | $154.77B | 2024 |
| Total Reserves (months of imports) | 4.7 | 2024 |
| Official Exchange Rate (per USD) | 32.81 | 2024 |
| Broad Money (% of GDP) | 52.3% | 2023 |
Trade
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Trade (% of GDP) | 54.6% | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (% of GDP) | 27.0% | 2024 |
| Exports of Goods & Services (USD) | $374.69B | 2024 |
| Imports of Goods & Services (USD) | $367.38B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Exports (USD) | $261.80B | 2024 |
| Merchandise Imports (USD) | $344.01B | 2024 |
| FDI Inflows (% of GDP) | 0.9% | 2024 |
| FDI Outflows (% of GDP) | 0.5% | 2024 |
| FDI Net Inflows (USD) | $11.70B | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (USD) | $982.0M | 2024 |
| Personal Remittances Received (% of GDP) | 0.1% | 2024 |
| High-Tech Exports (% of manufactured) | 5.1% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (% of GDP) | -0.7% | 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD) | $-10.19B | 2024 |
External Debt
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| External Debt (% of GNI) | 39.4% | 2024 |
| External Debt Stocks (USD) | $514.99B | 2024 |
| Total Debt Service (% of GNI) | 6.7% | 2024 |
| Present Value of External Debt (USD) | $149.00B | 2024 |
| Use of IMF Credit (USD) | $7.22B | 2024 |
| Net ODA Received (% of GNI) | 0.1% | 2023 |
Finance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic Credit by Financial Sector (% of GDP) | 58.0% | 2024 |
| Domestic Credit to Private Sector (% of GDP) | 43.0% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (% of GDP) | 27.9% | 2024 |
| Stock Market Capitalization (USD) | $378.96B | 2024 |
| Stock Market Turnover (% of GDP) | 70.6% | 2024 |
| Listed Domestic Companies | 551 | 2024 |
| Bank Capital to Assets Ratio (%) | 7.2% | 2023 |
| Bank Nonperforming Loans (%) | 1.5% | 2023 |
| Account Ownership at Financial Institution (%) | 81.6% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Female (%) | 71.7% | 2024 |
| Account Ownership, Male (%) | 91.6% | 2024 |
| Firms Using Banks to Finance Investment (%) | 26.7% | 2024 |
Business Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Get Electricity (days) | 14 | 2024 |
Private Sector
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Firms Expected to Pay Bribes (%) | 2.5% | 2024 |
| Firms with Female Top Manager (%) | 15.8% | 2024 |
| Firms with Female Participation in Ownership (%) | 9.4% | 2024 |
| Average Firm Age (years) | 22 years | 2024 |
| Firms Using Computers (%) | 34.0% | 2024 |
People
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 85.5M | 2024 |
| Population Growth (%) | 0.2% | 2024 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 111 | 2023 |
| Surface Area (sq km) | 785,350 | 2023 |
| Land Area (sq km) | 769,630 | 2023 |
| Urban Population (%) | 89.3% | 2024 |
| Urban Population (total) | 76.4M | 2024 |
| Rural Population (%) | 10.7% | 2024 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth | 77.2 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Male | 74.5 years | 2023 |
| Life Expectancy, Female | 79.9 years | 2023 |
| Fertility Rate (births per woman) | 1.5 | 2023 |
| Birth Rate (per 1,000) | 11.2 | 2023 |
| Death Rate (per 1,000) | 6.2 | 2023 |
| Net Migration | -258,205 | 2025 |
| Population Ages 0–14 (%) | 21.4% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 15–64 (%) | 68.3% | 2024 |
| Population Ages 65+ (%) | 10.3% | 2024 |
| Age Dependency Ratio (%) | 46.5% | 2024 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Male (per 1,000) | 111.4 | 2023 |
| Mortality Rate, Adult Female (per 1,000) | 65.0 | 2023 |
Labor
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Total Labor Force | 36.8M | 2025 |
| Labor Force Participation (%) | 54.4% | 2025 |
| Female Labor Force Participation (%) | 37.1% | 2025 |
| Male Labor Force Participation (%) | 71.9% | 2025 |
| Unemployment (%) | 8.5% | 2025 |
| Female Unemployment (%) | 11.6% | 2025 |
| Male Unemployment (%) | 6.9% | 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment (%) | 16.0% | 2025 |
| Employment in Agriculture (%) | 14.2% | 2025 |
| Employment in Industry (%) | 27.3% | 2025 |
| Employment in Services (%) | 58.5% | 2025 |
| Vulnerable Employment (%) | 23.9% | 2025 |
| Wage & Salaried Workers (% of total) | 71.5% | 2025 |
| Part-Time Employment (%) | 21.6% | 2024 |
| Employers (% of total employment) | 4.6% | 2025 |
| Labor Force, Female (% of total) | 34.4% | 2025 |
Education
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Education Spending (% of GDP) | 3.1% | 2022 |
| Education Spending (% of govt expenditure) | 11.3% | 2022 |
| Adult Literacy Rate (%) | 97.3% | 2021 |
| Male Literacy Rate (%) | 99.3% | 2021 |
| Youth Literacy Rate (%) | 92.2% | 2022 |
| Primary School Enrollment (%) | 102.5% | 2022 |
| Secondary School Enrollment (%) | 116.0% | 2022 |
| Tertiary School Enrollment (%) | 127.6% | 2022 |
| Primary Completion Rate (%) | 101.5% | 2022 |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate (%) | 92.4% | 2022 |
| Out-of-School Children, Primary | 13,955 | 2022 |
| Primary School Teachers | 310,477 | 2022 |
| Secondary School Teachers | 766,054 | 2022 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Primary | 17 | 2017 |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio, Secondary | 17 | 2017 |
Health
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Health Spending (% of GDP) | 4.3% | 2023 |
| Health Spending per Capita (USD) | $548 | 2023 |
| Government Health Spending (% of GDP) | 3.2% | 2023 |
| Out-of-Pocket Health Spending (% of total) | 19.0% | 2023 |
| Physicians (per 1,000 people) | 2.2 | 2022 |
| Nurses & Midwives (per 1,000) | 3.5 | 2022 |
| Hospital Beds (per 1,000) | 3.0 | 2023 |
| Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births) | 12.8 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Female (per 1,000) | 12.1 | 2023 |
| Under-5 Mortality, Male (per 1,000) | 13.5 | 2023 |
| Cause of Death, Communicable (%) | 5.2% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Non-Communicable (%) | 90.2% | 2019 |
| Cause of Death, Injury (%) | 4.7% | 2019 |
| Measles Immunization (% of children) | 95.0% | 2024 |
| DPT Immunization (% of children) | 99.0% | 2024 |
| Tuberculosis Incidence (per 100,000) | 13 | 2024 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Males (%) | 41.2% | 2022 |
| Smoking Prevalence, Females (%) | 19.8% | 2022 |
| Suicide Mortality Rate (per 100,000) | 2.7 | 2021 |
| Alcohol Consumption (liters per capita) | 1.7 | 2020 |
Energy & Environment
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Use (kg oil eq. per capita) | 1,850 | 2023 |
| Electric Power Consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,581 | 2023 |
| Renewable Electricity Output (%) | 35.4% | 2021 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption (%) | 12.0% | 2021 |
| Access to Clean Fuels for Cooking (%) | 95.3% | 2023 |
| PM2.5 Air Pollution (µg/m³) | 21.6 | 2020 |
| Forest Area (%) | 29.5% | 2023 |
| Forest Area (sq km) | 226,884 | 2023 |
| Terrestrial Protected Areas (%) | 5.7% | 2024 |
| Marine Protected Areas (%) | 1.7% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Drinking Water (%) | 96.0% | 2024 |
| Access to Basic Sanitation (%) | 99.3% | 2024 |
Agriculture
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land (%) | 50.1% | 2023 |
| Cereal Yield (kg per hectare) | 3,659 | 2023 |
| Food Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 128.9 | 2022 |
| Crop Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 125.3 | 2022 |
| Livestock Production Index (2014–2016=100) | 137.3 | 2022 |
| Land Under Cereal Production (hectares) | 11.5M | 2023 |
| Fertilizer Consumption (kg per hectare) | 139.6 | 2023 |
| Agricultural Irrigated Land (%) | 12.5% | 2023 |
| Annual Freshwater Withdrawals (% of internal) | 28.4% | 2022 |
Technology
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Internet Users (%) | 87.3% | 2024 |
| Fixed Broadband Subscriptions (per 100) | 22.5 | 2023 |
| Secure Internet Servers (per million) | 11,103.4 | 2024 |
| R&D Spending (% of GDP) | 1.32% | 2022 |
| Patent Applications, Residents | 8,234 | 2021 |
| Patent Applications, Non-Residents | 242 | 2021 |
| Scientific Journal Articles | 52,658 | 2022 |
| High-Technology Exports (USD) | $9.90B | 2024 |
| ICT Service Exports (% of service exports) | 4.2% | 2024 |
| Industrial Design Applications, Resident | 59,353 | 2021 |
| Researchers in R&D (per million) | 2,479 | 2022 |
Infrastructure
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Air Transport, Passengers Carried | 125.9M | 2023 |
| Air Transport, Freight (million ton-km) | 8,367.3 | 2023 |
| Container Port Traffic (TEU) | 12.4M | 2022 |
| Rail Lines (total km) | 10,546 | 2021 |
| Railways, Passengers (million km) | 10,683 | 2021 |
| Railways, Goods (million ton-km) | 15,900 | 2021 |
| Logistics Performance Index (1–5) | 3.40 | 2022 |
| Electricity from Oil (%) | 0.4% | 2023 |
| Electricity from Nuclear (%) | 0.0% | 2021 |
Gender
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Women in Parliament (%) | 19.9% | 2024 |
| Female Labor Force Participation, 15+ (%) | 36.8% | 2024 |
| Female Wage & Salaried Workers (%) | 72.7% | 2025 |
| Girls Out-of-School Rate (%) | 94.6% | 2017 |
| Adolescent Fertility Rate (per 1,000) | 12.1 | 2023 |
| Gender Parity Index, Secondary | 0.97 | 2020 |
Governance
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.50 | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.25 | 2023 |
| Regulatory Quality | -0.23 | 2023 |
| Voice & Accountability | -0.86 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption (percentile rank) | 34.9% | 2023 |
| Government Effectiveness (percentile rank) | 41.5% | 2023 |
| Rule of Law (percentile rank) | 32.5% | 2023 |
| Political Stability (percentile rank) | 13.7% | 2023 |
Military
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Military Spending (% of GDP) | 1.9% | 2024 |
| Armed Forces (% of labor force) | 1.6% | 2020 |
| Intentional Homicides (per 100,000) | 3.2 | 2023 |
Poverty & Inequality
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty at $2.15/day (%) | 0.5% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $3.65/day (%) | 1.2% | 2022 |
| Poverty at $6.85/day (%) | 10.8% | 2022 |
| Gini Index | 44.5 | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 10% | 35.2% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 10% | 2.1% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Top 20% | 50.5% | 2022 |
| Income Share, Bottom 20% | 5.4% | 2022 |
| Shared Prosperity Premium (%) | 4.1% | 2022 |
| Survey Mean Consumption (2017 PPP $ per day) | 28.94 | 2022 |
Social Protection
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Social Assistance Coverage (%) | 14.5% | 2019 |
| Labor Market Programs Coverage (%) | 1.8% | 2019 |
| Human Capital Index (0–1) | 0.65 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Female | 0.66 | 2020 |
| Human Capital Index, Male | 0.64 | 2020 |
| Learning-Adjusted Years of School | 9.2 years | 2020 |
Tourism
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| International Tourism, Arrivals | 16.0M | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Departures | 2.2M | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (USD) | $13.77B | 2020 |
| Tourism Expenditures (USD) | $1.64B | 2020 |
| Tourism Receipts (% of total exports) | 6.6% | 2020 |
| International Tourism, Transport Services (USD) | $3.55B | 2020 |
Urban Development
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Population in Largest City | 16.2M | 2025 |
| Population in Agglomerations >1M (% of total) | 39.3% | 2025 |
| Population in Slums (% of urban) | 14.1% | 2022 |
| Rural Population Growth (%) | -2.8% | 2024 |
| Access to Safely Managed Sanitation (%) | 78.9% | 2024 |